Eye floaters are a common visual experience for many people. They appear as small spots, strands, shadows, or cobweb-like shapes drifting across your field of vision. While mostly harmless, floaters can be distracting and sometimes signal an underlying eye condition. This blog explains what causes eye floaters, the common symptoms, risk factors, and when you should seek medical help.
What Are Eye Floaters?
Eye floaters are tiny clumps of gel, cells, or fibers inside the vitreous, the clear, gel-like substance that fills the inside of the eye. These clumps cast shadows on the retina, which we see as floating spots. They often move when your eyes move and seem to drift away when you try to look at them directly.
Floaters are especially noticeable when you look at a bright background such as the sky, a computer screen, or a light-colored wall.
Main Causes of Eye Floaters
Understanding what causes eye floaters can help you identify whether they are normal or a sign of something more serious. Below are the most common causes:
1. Age-Related Changes in the Eye
The most frequent cause of eye floaters is the natural aging process. As we get older, the vitreous inside the eye begins to shrink and become more liquid. This process creates small clumps or strands that float inside the eye.
This change is known as Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD). It commonly occurs in people over the age of 50 and is usually harmless, though it can sometimes cause temporary flashes of light or an increase in floaters.
2. Nearsightedness (Myopia)
People who are highly nearsighted have a longer eye shape, which puts extra strain on the vitreous. This increases the chance of floaters forming earlier in life. Nearsighted individuals may notice floaters more frequently and at a younger age compared to others.
3. Eye Inflammation (Uveitis)
Inflammation inside the eye—especially in the uvea, the middle layer of the eye—can lead to eye floaters. This condition is known as posterior uveitis. When inflammation occurs, inflammatory cells can enter the vitreous, creating floating spots and clouding vision.
Uveitis can be caused by infections, autoimmune disorders, or injuries.
4. Bleeding Inside the Eye
Bleeding into the vitreous, known as vitreous hemorrhage, can also cause floaters. Blood cells or debris in the eye cast shadows on the retina, making floaters appear suddenly.
Common causes of eye bleeding include:
Diabetic retinopathy
High blood pressure
Eye injury or trauma
Retinal blood vessel changes
This type of floater usually requires prompt medical attention.
5. Retinal Tears or Detachment
In some cases, eye floaters can indicate a more serious issue such as a retinal tear or retinal detachment. When the vitreous pulls away too strongly, it may tear the retina. This is a medical emergency.
Warning signs include:
Sudden appearance of many floaters
Flashes of light
A shadow or curtain moving over your vision
If you notice these symptoms, seek immediate eye care.
6. Eye Surgery or Eye Procedures
Sometimes, floaters may appear after eye surgeries such as cataract removal or after medications are injected into the eye. Air bubbles or microscopic particles introduced during procedures can cast shadows and appear as floaters. These usually fade over time as the eye heals.
When Should You Be Concerned About Eye Floaters?
Most floaters are harmless, but you should be aware of concerning symptoms. Contact an eye doctor immediately if you experience:
A sudden increase in floaters
Bright flashes of light
Blurred vision
A dark curtain or shadow in your peripheral vision
Floaters after an eye injury
These signs may indicate a retinal tear, detachment, or internal bleeding that requires urgent treatment.
How Are Eye Floaters Treated?
In many cases, treatment is not necessary because the brain learns to ignore floaters over time. However, if floaters significantly impact your vision or come from a serious issue, treatment options include:
1. Vitrectomy
A surgical procedure where the vitreous gel is removed and replaced with a clear solution.
2. Laser Treatment (Laser Vitreolysis)
A laser is used to break floaters into smaller pieces, making them less visible.
Your eye doctor will determine whether these treatments are safe and suitable for you.
Can Eye Floaters Be Prevented?
While not all floaters can be prevented, you can reduce your risk by:
Getting regular eye exams
Managing diabetes and blood pressure
Protecting your eyes from injury
Reporting sudden changes in vision immediately
Conclusion
Eye floaters are a common part of aging, but they can also appear due to inflammation, bleeding, myopia, or retinal issues. Understanding what causes eye floaters helps you know when they are normal and when they need attention. If you notice sudden changes or experience discomfort, it’s important to consult an eye care professional.
For accurate diagnosis, advanced eye care, and trusted treatment, you can visit Total Vision Of Deland – Best Optometrist Clinic in Deland Florida.